• Organizing: making optimum
use of the resources required to enable the successful
carrying out of plans.
• Leading/Motivating: exhibiting
skills in these areas for getting others to play an
effective part in achieving plans.
• Controlling: monitoring — checking
progress against plans, which may need modification
based on feedback.
At least two perspectives
on role of control exist:
• Top management expects to
control everything, making all decisions, while middle
and lower managers implement decisions, and production
workers operate only as instructed
• Top management does not decide the "right"
way to do something, and lower-level staff becomes
involved in decision-making processes.
• Some companies use "sloppy shoulder syndrome"
style management, where people will take credit for
when things go right. However when things go wrong
they will pass the blame and responsibility to people
either below or adjacent in the company structure.
